The Movie Ramayan - 1257 Words

Sachinbhai Patel Dr. M HUM – 121 July 16, 2015 Paper # 2 Movie- Ramayana This movie Ramayan is based on one of the great literature epic of India Called Ramayana, the other being the Mahabharata. Ramayana story transmitted orally for generations but not recorded until the eighth century B.C.E. It was written by the poet Valmiki. In this great epic story the main person was Rama who was an seventh incarnation of the Lord Vishnu who is the care take and protector of this world, Rama was like a Buddha he served for the people and also it’s about good vs evil. â€Å"In India, Lord Vishnu is worshiped primarily as Avatar, or incarnations, particularly as Rama and Krishna, the principal characters of the epics Ramayana and Mahabharata† (Shah). The movie Ramayan was made on the story of Ramayana and focused on Rama. The Ramayana talks about life of people in India near 1000 BCE and shows the belief and rules of dharma. It influence Hindus and world at large. The main reason dharma exits is in the form of Ramayan. The hero, Rama, lived his whole lif e by the rules of dharma; in fact, that was why Indian consider him heroic. When Rama was in his youth he was the perfect son, later he was an ideal husband to his faithful wife, Sita, and a responsible king of Aydohya. Act like Rama, and Act like Sita young Indians have been taught and told to be like them for over 2,000 years. The Ramayana is a well know story around the world but most of the people in united do not know about it, itShow MoreRelatedThe Ramayana Is Not Just A Story5045 Words   |  21 PagesCE. The text has several regional renderings, Famous retellings include Gona Budda Reddy s Ramayanam in Telugu, Kamban s Ramavataram in Tamil, Madhava Kandali s Saptakanda Ramayana in Assamese, Krittibas Ojha s Krittivasi Ramayan in Bengali, sant Eknath s Bhavarth Ramayan in Marathi, Balaram Das Dandi Ramayana in Oriya, Tulsidas Ramcharitamanas in Awadhi, However, the general cultural background of the Ramayana is one of the post-urbanization period of the eastern part of north IndiaRead MoreComparative Analysis of Radio Mirchi 98.3 Fever 104 Fm1649 Words   |  7 Pagesyears like Secret Sounds, a contest to guess the sounds of the city; I Love Fever and Tick Tock Bingo, which introduced the concept of large cash prizes on air; Ki Bolchen Dada, the first on air audio blog and an exemplary in-house audio production, Ramayan, which won two Gold’s at the New York Festival 2011, Making it a tough completion for other competitors. The pick of the slots includes the Breakfast show (7:00am to 11:00am) Mid Morning (11:00 am to 2:00pm) Films related program (11:00 amRead MoreCreativity in Advertising15483 Words   |  62 Pagestool of advertising A year ago when I entered a movie hall, I strolled past movie posters and headed straight to the food counter. Now when I step into hall, I literally have to watch my step. There is a DHL cutout there; a Hero Honda bike parked there, a promotion for Brylcreem, hall seats sporting the Signature whisky brand, poster of Airtel advertising telling viewers to download the Fanna songs, Nestle milk on the break fast table in the movie Fanna†¦.. Whether it is the hall premises, intervals

Youth in Indian Politics Free Essays

India needs young leaders who personify energy, enthusiasm, morality, and diligence. No doubt we have progressed a lot in the last 65 years but the development pace would have been completely different had some young torchbearers led this process of development. At the time of independence, Gandhi called upon the youth to participate actively in the freedom movement. We will write a custom essay sample on Youth in Indian Politics or any similar topic only for you Order Now Young leaders like Nehru came and led the movement. But. nowadays we have only a handful of young leaders. The youth today are not interested in actively participating in the political field. They are content with what they are doing . Young people are not given opportunities to prove themselves because the politicians say that they are not equipped with experience to participate actively in the governance of the country. Old people should realize that proper development can take place only when they make way for younger people to enter in to politics I would like to suggest that there should be a retirement age for politicians. There should also be some educational qualification for politicians. How can we give the key to our country to those illiterates. The youth of our country, can contribute in areas like educating people, raising awareness about various social ills, and many other areas. Young people possess energy, but it should be channelized in the right direction. Misguided youth may do great harm to the society. Moreover, it is on the shoulders of the young that the future of the country rests, because they represent new values, new thinking and the new ways of life. Even our former president and eminent scientist Dr . APJ Abdul Kalam said that the youth should be a part of the politics, this will ensure the states growth and development Society should mould itself according to the thinking of the young because it is difficult for the older generation to have new thinking. The young should always look with hope and confidence to the future of the country. They must have the spirit to work among the masses and also give a sense of direction for the others to follow. In India we want to be free from poverty, disease and all types of divisive forces. Our political freedom must create conditions not only for better life but also for peace. The youth of India should be inspired with these ideas and make them as popular with the people . In fact the older generation becomes hardened in their thinking. So it is difficult for them to adopt a new path. The faith of the young people is never so rigid. They can adopt, modify and change their ideas according to the demands of the circumstances. So youth of India should take this responsibility on their shoulders. Another responsibility which Indian youth will have to take is to revive our culture. If we break with our culture no progress is made in the society. The great ideas enshrined in our culture will help us to set the energies of nation in the proper direction. Various social movements which seem to be the basis of progress need the help of the younger generations. the younger generation has vision of the future and is guided by that vision. So â€Å"a nation is built in its educational institutions† through younger generations. India is wedded to the policy of industrial development, but no industry can make progress till men are properly trained and technologists help in the development of the industries of the country. Only the young generation can give appropriate direction. Therefore ,I conclude that all these steps would lead to nothing if the educated youth doesn’t come forward and fights for a change in the political system. As a famous Hindi poet had once said, â€Å",those who are mute spectators of injustice are also responsible for it â€Å"Just casting our votes is not enough, we must be a part of politics in india† How to cite Youth in Indian Politics, Papers

New Canadian Motor Vehicles Co2 Emissions Samples for Students

Question: Write a Report on New Canadian Motor Vehicles Co2 Emissions. Answer: This report is in response to your memorandum dated 4th January 2017. You have requested me to conduct an analysis of the recent automobile CO2 emissions as provided in the data file attached to your memorandum. There are some specific questions that you would like answered based on the data provided. Overall Summary of CO2 Emissions On analyzing CO2 emissions, Fiat recorded the lowest CO2 emission at 186.46 g/km while Aston Martin recorded the highest CO2 emission at 347 g/km. On further analysis the overall average CO2 emissions based on the 1,082 observations was 244.69 g/km associated with a standard deviation from the average of 55.70 g/km. In addition, analysis suggested approximately normal distribution based on a slight positive skew-recorded at 0.63 and this is evident when looking at the histogram on the CO2 emissions. You can be 95% confident that the average CO2 emissions will be 244.69 g/km 1.69 standard errors. That is to say, you can expect the average CO2 emission to fall between 243 g/km and 246.38 g/km based on a sample of 1,082 observations. Relationships with CO2 Emissions You were interested to know whether there was any relationship the CO2 emissions and the type of fuel used. According to the data, there were four types of fuel namely; regular petrol, premium petrol, diesel and ethanol. In essence your question was; is there any difference between the observed proportions of the fuel used and the expected proportion? To determine this, a chi-square test, which is a non-parametric test, was carried out. According to Kingoriah (2004), a chi-square test is used to investigate whether there is a difference between the observed proportion or frequency distribution among categories and the expected frequency distribution. Under the null hypothesis, there should be no difference between the expected and observed distribution of fuel types. Based on your question the hypothesis is; H0: There was no statistically significant difference between CO2 emissions and the type of fuel used (null hypothesis) HA: There was some statistically significant difference between CO2 emissions and the type of fuel used (alternative hypothesis) According to the analysis, there seemed to be some notable differences between the observed CO2 emissions and the expected CO2 emissions. The observed CO2 emissions for regular petrol was recorded at 233.22 g/km, premium petrol was 256.10 g/km, diesel was 220.46g/km and ethanol was 268.03g/km. The expected average CO2 emission was 245.46g/km. The question therefore was to determine whether these differences were statistically significant to make an inference of the entire population? The results revealed a p value of 0.13. This was greater than the cut-off point of 0.05 (alpha level). The decision was to fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is no evidence based on the sample data to suggest that there are differences in CO2 emissions based on the fuel used. The differences observed in our sample data could have resulted from sampling error of chance. Confidence Intervals On Estimation of the Level of CO2 Emissions for 4 Cylinder, 6 Cylinder and 8 Cylinder vehicles Your other concern was to estimate the level of CO2 emissions for all 4 Cylinder, 6 Cylinder and 8 Cylinder vehicles and whether there appears to be any difference. At 95% confidence level you can expect the mean level of CO2 emissions for a 4 cylinder motor vehicle to be between 198.38g/km and 203.46g/km. Likewise, at 95% confidence level we can expect the mean level of CO2 emissions for a 6 cylinder motor vehicle to fall between 255.39g/km and 260.97g/km. For the 8 cylinder motor vehicle we can be 95% confident that the mean level of CO2 emission will fall between 277.08g/km and 284.48g/km. Estimation of the Proportion of All Vehicles That Have 4 Cylinders, 6 Cylinders And 8 Cylinders You were also concerned on the approximate proportion of all vehicles that have four Cylinders, six Cylinders, and eight Cylinders. The proportion of four cylinder motor vehicles was 45.19 per cent of the total observations of 1,082. We can expect that at 95% confidence level that the proportion of four cylinder motor vehicles will fall between 42.23% and 48.16% of the true population proportion. Likewise, the six-cylinder motor vehicles proportion was 35.49 per cent with an expected proportion of the entire population of between 32.64% and 38.34 per cent. The eight cylinder motor vehicles had a sample proportion of 19.32 per cent hence we can be ninety-five per cent confident that the true proportion of eight cylinder motor vehicles will be within 16.96 per cent and 21.67 per cent. Hypothesis Tests A month prior to your memo, a national newspaper published an article indicating that the Federal government was investigating a proposal to limit CO2 emissions for new motor vehicles to a maximum of 350 grams per kilometre. The same article proposed that this was likely to eradicate a minimum of five per cent of the biggest polluting motor vehicles off the roads. You are concerned whether the sample data is able to support this claims. For the limit of CO2 emissions of new motor vehicles to a maximum of 350 grams per kilometre, your concern was to determine whether there was evidence from the sample data to support the claim that new vehicles were emitting no more than 350g/km of CO2 at 5% level of significance. The hypothesis formulated hence was; H0: CO2 emissions for new motor vehicles was more than 350 grams per kilometre (null hypothesis) HA : CO2 emissions for new motor vehicles no more than 350 grams per kilometre (alternative hypothesis) The decision was to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that CO2 emissions for new vehicles was likely to be more than 350g/km (t= - 62.20, p .01). Accordingly, the article also suggested that the removal of vehicles emitting more than 350g/km of CO2 would eliminate up to 3% of the largest polluting vehicles off the road. However, was this true based on the sample data? The results did not seem to show any evidence that removing motor vehicles emitting more than 350g/km of CO2 would eliminate up to 3% of the highest pollutants off the road (z= - 6.71, p .01). Simple Regression According to your memorandum, you do not have much information about CO2 emissions. However, you reckon that the larger a vehicle engine is, the greater the CO2 emissions. You wanted to establish by use of a simple regression the degree of variation of CO2 emissions can be explained by the engine size of a motor vehicle. The simple regression analysis was carried out by taking engine size variable as the independent variable (denoted by x) and CO2 emissions as the dependent variable (denoted by y). As you correctly noted, the relationship between two or more independent variables and one dependent variable is best illustrated using a regression model. In this case, your concern is how much CO2 emissions are likely to predicted by the engine size of a motor vehicle. According to Lucey (1996), a regression model amalgamates one or various independent variables to determine one single dependent variable. The regression model was therefore formulated as: Y = a + X Where Y = CO2 emissions a = intercept = engine size The coefficient of determination represented by R square in the analysis seeks to investigate the degree of variation of the dependent variable (in our case it is CO2 emissions) that can be explained by the independent variable or predictor which in our case is engine size. According to my investigation, 0.7014 or 70.14% variability of CO2 emissions can be explained by a change in engine size. This means that thirty per cent of a change in CO2 emissions is explained by other factors other than engine size. The next step sought to determine whether there existed any statistically significant linear correlation between engine size and CO2 emissions. In short, whether there was any statistically significant correlation between engine size and CO2 emissions. The hypothesis was stated as follows; H0 : = 0:There is no statistically significant difference in change in engine size and CO2 emissions. HA : 0:There is some statistically significant difference in change in engine size and CO2 emissions. The analysis of variances table revealed an f-statistic of 2540.20 associated with a p value of p 0.01. The decision was therefore to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there was evidence to suggest that a change in engine size is likely to affect CO2 emissions (f= 2540.20, df= 1,p .01). However, it should be noted that this is only a causal relationship. That means that a relationship between engine size and CO2 emissions does not automatically infer that the tendency of change in one variable is caused by change in the other variable. The regression model was statistically significant (t= 50.40, p .01). This meant that engine size was a good estimator of CO2 emissions. The regression model can be derived from the coefficients column as; CO2 emissions (y) = 130.32 + 30.59 (engine size). Using the model above it is possible to predict the CO2 emissions of a vehicle having an engine size of 1000cc or 1 litre. This can be done by substituting the engine size you would like to investigate as follows; CO2 emissions = 130.32 + 30.59 (1) = 160.91 X 1 = 160.91g/km Perusing through the data, I would have some concerns with the above prediction as there seems to be variations in CO2 emissions. For instance, an engine size of 1.50 litres has CO2 emissions of 140g/km while another vehicle of 1.40 litres has CO2 emissions of 173g/km. Inasmuch as the regression model may be used as a basis of predicting CO2 emissions using engine size as a predictor, other variables should be considered for inclusion in the regression equation. Appropriate Sample Size You were concerned that the sample size of 1,082 cars is far too many and we could easily achieve the same results with a much smaller sample size. In this regard, you would like to know whether similar results would be achieved with a smaller sample. For instance, if we wanted to estimate the proportion of vehicles whose CO2 emissions were less than 350 g/km to within 3%v margin of error, we would need to use data from the current study to make the estimation. This would include the estimated proportion of vehicles emitting less than 350g/ of CO2. From the sample, 1,040 cars have CO2 emissions less than 350g/km out of 1,082 cars sampled. This works out to 96% of the total sampled cars. From the analysis, the required sample size would be 164 cars (n=164). You also wanted to estimate the overall combined fuel consumption to within 0.5 margins of error of the mean at 95% confidence level. The sample standard deviation (2.90) was used to estimate the sample size. We would require a sample size of 135 cars to estimate fuel consumption. References King'oriah, G. K. (2004) Fundamentals of applied statistics. Nairobi: The Jomo Kenyatta Foundation. Lucey, T. (1996) Quantitative techniques. 5th edn. London: DP Publications (Low-Priced Edition).

Recommendation Report Example Essay Essay Example

?Recommendation Report Example Essay Paper Summary: Smash Design decide to buy new chairs and some ergonomic points to work out the job of employees feel uncomfortable and acquire ill in their work environment. This study measure the Herman Miller Chairs and Steel Case Leap Chairs, Simple Package and Deluxe Package offer by Staple supplies, and Rocco and Rita’s Gym rank. Aeron Chairs with higher monetary value than Leap Chair, but have more maps to soothe a human organic structure than Leap Chair besides with a longer guarantee. Deluxe Package offer by Staples screens more ergonomic points than Simple bundle, the monetary value is higher. Rocco and Rita’s Gym offer the trade of one-year fee $ 50 per employee if we sign up more than 50 people. Concluding recommendations come up with purchase Aeron Chairs, Simple Package offer by Staples, and subscribe up Rocco and Rita’s Gym rank. We will write a custom essay sample on ?Recommendation Report Example Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on ?Recommendation Report Example Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on ?Recommendation Report Example Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Introduction: Smash Design late received a batch of ailments about sore dorsums from our employees. After I did some research, I found out absenteeism is up by 10 % this twelvemonth. This job is caused to chairs are acquiring old, besides were non good designed that usage organic structure scientific discipline to diminish the force per unit area and prevent backaches. After the treatment with Ellen page, we decided to purchase some new chairs, ergonomic keyboards and mouse tablet to work out the job of employees feel uncomfortable and acquire ill in their working environment. We besides decided to subscribe up gym ranks located at following edifice for our employees. Exercises will assist employee to develop fittingness. Ellen Page has asked me to measure the better chair Herman Miller and Steel Case chairs. Compare the simple bundles and gilded bundle little ergonomic points. This study is non including absenteeism study, and besides non includes yoga option. Standards: For the chief intent of better the working environment for the employees, and do them experience more comfy, we applied the undermentioned standards: 1. Comfort: For work outing the job of employee feel uncomfortable and acquire ill in their working environment. Merchandises must be good design with particular attending to biotechnologies, cut downing the force per unit area and forestalling hurts. 2. Guarantee: Smash Design invests on some expensive chairs, for the intent of return, merchandises must can last at least 5 old ages, and besides with 5-year or more guarantee. 3. Monetary value: Maximal $ 1000 per employee includes office chairs, ergonomic office supplies, and gym rank. Analysis:ChairsHerman Miller Aeron Chairs: Aeron Chair is created by Herman Miller with particular attending to ergonomics it can suit all the human organic structure and supply them soothe support, and accommodation is easy to utilize. Aeron Chair’s PostureFit map can back up pelvis thin frontward of course so the spinal column can be align, and prevent backache. Kinemat tilt engineering can allow human body’s articulations pivot of course. Breathable fabric stuff can maintain organic structure force per unit area even and diminish the organic structure force per unit area. Aeron chairs provide lifetime guarantee to the clients. It sells at $ 900 per chair. Staff will assist put up chairs and arrange workstations to cut down hurts, if purchase more than 5 chairs. Steal Case Leap Chairs: Leap Chair is created by Steel Case with characteristics of mutable back form can back up full spinal column when the user alteration his position, and besides can diminish the spinal column emphasis and spinal ligaments. The back control system can allow the user adjust the back angels until it match user’s comfort. Leap Chairs supply three-year guarantee to the client. It sells at $ 700 per chair. Herman Miller Aeron ChairSteal Case Leap ChairsComfortVery ComfortComfortGuaranteeLifeThree old agesMonetary value$ 900$ 700 Staples Ergonomic Office SuppliesSimple Package:Simple bundle provides ergonomic points such as gel pad for mice and keyboards, emphasis balls, massage devices, at the semen up with the monetary value of $ 100 per individual. Deluxe Package:Deluxe bundle provides same points as simple bundle besides with extra points such as footrest, cervix supports, proctor support and specially plan electronic devices. Rocco and Rita’s Gym MembershipsIf more than 50 people sign up, we can acquire the trade of one-year fee $ 50 per employee. Decision: Aeron Chairs were designed usage biotechnologies to diminish force per unit area. The back support engineering can forestall backaches. Adjustable sacral support can suit different people. Aeron Chairs are lifetime guarantee. If purchase more than 5 chairs, staff will assist to put up the chair to do it suit for different employees. The monetary value is $ 900. Leap Chairs are designed for human comfort, with adjustable back form and arm, but has non much map as Aeron Chairs, merely 3 old ages warranty. The monetary value is $ 700, lower than Aeron Chairs. Staple Ergonomic Supplies offer Deluxe Package and Simple Package. Simple Package offers Gel tablets for mice and keyboards, Stress balls, Massage devices, and the monetary value is $ 100 per individual. Deluxe Package besides include other ergonomic supplies and electronic devices, but the monetary value $ 250 per individual. Rocco and Rita’s Gym offer the trade of one-year fee $ 50 per employee if we sign up more than 50 people. Recommendation: I recommend we purchase Aeron Chairs for our employee, Aeron chair meet the most standards, and have add-on offers. Staple Deluxe bundle covers more ergonomic points than Simple bundle, but it’s over pricing. And Aeron Chairs’ maps already cover some serviceability of ergonomic points. So I recommend we buy the Simple Package from Staples supplies. Sign up the gym rank will transcend $ 50 of the budget per employee, but I still strongly recommend we sign up the gym rank to better employees’ fittingness.

The Analysis of Wal

The Analysis of Wal Wal-Mart is one of the largest multinational retailing corporations operating in North America and globally. The company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962. Today, the company’s headquarters are located in Bentonville, Arkansas. The corporation developed from a small chain of stores in Arkansas, and now Wal-Mart operates more than 7,000 stores which are located round the world (Ingram, Yue, and Rao 55; â€Å"Walmart†).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on The Analysis of Wal-Mart’s Retailing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Wal-Mart’s operations are organized in a specific way to cover the needs of such divisions as the US stores, Wal-Mart Sam’s Club, and international stores located globally (â€Å"Walmart†). Wal-Mart stores propose a variety of food products, drugs, and general goods. To analyze the corporation’s retailing strategy and to state the perspectiv es for the corporation’s future development, it is necessary to focus on examining the Wal-Mart strategy’s strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities. The Analysis of the Industry and Wal-Mart’s Strategy The retailing industry in the United States is highly competitive, and Wal-Mart has to compete with such rivals as Kmart, Target, Meijer, and Safeway directly. The most challenging competition is observed in the sphere of general retailing where supermarkets compete in proposing a range of goods, stating low prices, and developing discounting strategies for customers. However, Wal-Mart also competes with Costco in the sphere of warehouse club activities (Pradhan 567). To compete within the industry effectively, Wal-Mart developed a successful retailing strategy which should be discussed with references to the concepts of target market and retail positioning (Levy and Weitz 110). Wal-Mart’s target customers are diverse in their needs and interests t hat is why the company orients to satisfy the demands of the different population’s categories, including women, elder persons, and children. Wal-Mart’s retail positioning depends on the ways of how the company can be differentiated from the other retailers within the industry. Wal-Mart chooses to attract different customers while proposing them a variety of products and innovative approaches to researching and analyzing their preferences (â€Å"Walmart†). To provide customers with the products which are interesting for them while following the low-cost strategy, Wal-Mart also develops the strong relations with suppliers, and these relations are beneficial for both the retailer and customers. This approach should be discussed with references to the company’s retailing mix which includes the focus on product, price, place, and promotion. Wal-Mart establishes strong relations with suppliers to provide customers with a variety of products satisfying their de mands and meeting their local preferences.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The great assortment in Wal-Mart stores provides customers with the opportunity to make the right choice. Moreover, Wal-Mart pricing policies are based on the principle of low-cost retailing, and stores propose different discounts daily and weekly to cover all the groups of customers. It is important to note that Wal-Mart stores are located not only in the US metropolitans but also in small towns in the country’s states. In addition, the retailer focuses on addressing the customers’ needs that is why Wal-Mart stores located globally are developed to respond to the local expectations (Ingram, Yue, and Rao 60; â€Å"Walmart†). The company’s promotion strategy is based on declaring the principle of proposing better products for lower costs, and it is modified re garding the needs of the local public globally. Wal-Mart Strategy’s Strengths and Weaknesses Wal-Mart remains to be one of the most successful multinational corporations in the sphere of retailing because of a range of strengths associated with the company’s strategy. The first strength is the effective pricing policy. The company is the price leader within the industry because of proposing lower prices basing on the cost-effective relations with suppliers. The next strength is the focus on the wide assortment proposed to customers. Selling a range of products which customers need, Wal-Mart stores address all the customers’ daily demands. Furthermore, concentrating on using technologies to collect the data about the customers’ needs, Wal-Mart develops the most effective distribution and delivery systems (Pradhan 567). In addition, Wal-Mart opens stores in many cities in the USA and in many foreign countries, and the company operates as one of the largest retailers in the world while developing the brand image and customers’ loyalty (â€Å"Walmart†). Wal-Mart responds to the modern trends and uses social media and mobile technologies to meet the customers’ interests and to develop the work with customers’ orders. However, there are also weaknesses in the retailer’s strategy which are the focus on traditions rather than on changes; the lack of the effective differentiation strategy to compete within the industry; and the focus on monopolistic strategy to develop the business within the industry. Having become the largest and most recognizable retailer within the industry, Wal-Mart concentrates on supporting the image rather than on expanding the areas for meeting the customers’ interests (Pradhan 568). Opportunities for Wal-Mart’s Further Progress The opportunities for Wal-Mart’s further successful competition within the market depend on the effective use of the strengths related to the corporation’s strategy. Operating internationally, Wal-Mart can focus on the further expansion of the corporation’s presence in the global market. Moreover, focusing on the use of technologies and innovation, the company can also pay more attention to the opportunities of online retailing.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on The Analysis of Wal-Mart’s Retailing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Today, the company uses different mobile apps and develops strategies to operate in the sphere widely (â€Å"Walmart†). Thus, the focus on online retailing and using digital strategies is a good opportunity for a company to attract more customers. In spite of the fact that Wal-Mart as the retailer is attractive for customers during the decades, more attention should be paid to improvement the retailer’s brand image because it is necessary to focus on new approaches to formul ating the company’s mission and vision to reflect the customers’ values. The Threats Challenging for Wal-Mart Although Wal-Mart employs more than two millions of people globally and its revenues are more than $450 billion, there are several threats which the company can face within the industry because of the increasing competition among the rivals (Pradhan 569). Wal-Mart management strategies and policies do not attract employees, and these strategies are often discussed as discriminating in terms of payments and conditions. Negative feedbacks related to the company’s policies regarding Wal-Mart employees also influence the customers’ attitude to the retailer, and they can be discussed as challenging for the brand image and customers’ loyalty. As a result, more attention should be paid to improving the company’s corporate strategies to affect the corporation’s development and public’s visions positively (â€Å"Walmart†) . The other threats are associated with retailer’s international operations. In spite of the fact that Wal-Mart proposes a wide range of products for customers globally, local competitors can also become a threat to the retailer’s activities because of their focus on responding to the market latest tendencies. More attention should be paid to the strategies followed by Wal-Mart stores globally. Wal-Mart’s Performance, Position within the Market, and Prospects for the Future The effectiveness of the retailer’s performance depends on many factors which include the retailing strategy and the positive image as the employer (Levy and Weitz 24). If Wal-Mart’s retailing strategy focused on the customers’ needs and brand image is rather effective to increase the retailer’s competitive advantage, the company’s image as the employer is not effective to contribute to the customer’s loyalty because of the ineffective management stra tegies and policies. Nevertheless, Wal-Mart aims to follow the strategy of the sustainable development to respond to the communities’ needs globally (â€Å"Walmart†). High levels of sales support the idea that Wal-Mart’s performance is based on the effective fundaments, and the chosen retailing strategy to meet the local customers’ needs globally contributes to the retailer’s strong position within the market.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More That is why, the prospects for the future of Wal-Mart stores can be discussed as rather positive because of the customers’ recognition of the brand and Wal-Mart’s effective operation of the retailing mix. To provide strong financial returns in the future, it is necessary for the company to focus more on expanding the international segment and on improving the relations with suppliers in the United States and round the world. These actions are necessary to expand operations and to increase revenues because it is the way to increase advantage in the situation of the new rivals’ entry. Being one of the largest multinational retailing corporations in the world, Wal-Mart focuses on responding to the interests of all the customers in the United States and globally. The company’s strategy is rather effective to contribute to the future development of the retailer because Wal-Mart develops its leadership cost strategy, expands the assortment of products, and focu ses on opening more stores meeting the demands of the local customers. Ingram, Paul, Lori Qingyuan Yue, and Hayagreeva Rao. â€Å"Trouble in Store: Probes, Protests, and Store Openings by Wal-Mart, 1998–2007†. American Journal of Sociology 116.1 (2010): 53–92. Print. Levy, Michael, and Barton Weitz. Retailing Management. USA: McGraw-Hill Education, 2011. Print. Pradhan, Swapna. Retailing Management: Text and Cases. USA: Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2009. Print. Walmart. 2014. Web. https://www.walmart.com/.

A Couple of Notes About Couple

A Couple of Notes About Couple A Couple of Notes About â€Å"Couple† A Couple of Notes About â€Å"Couple† By Mark Nichol Couple, from the Latin word copula, meaning â€Å"bond† (yes, the term is also the origin of copulate, which is synonymous with a sense of the verb couple), has some relationship issues, so careful writers should be aware of the word’s reputation and note its proper formal usage. Couple, as a collective noun, can be associated with a singular verb or a plural one, depending on context. But unlike other words in that class, it’s more likely to use a plural verb: â€Å"The couple is celebrating its fiftieth wedding anniversary† is just awkward, because the impersonal pronoun implies that the enduring union does not involve human beings. But â€Å"The couple are celebrating their fiftieth wedding anniversary† strikes many readers, even those who, like me, advocate the singular they, as clumsy. So, refer to the couple as â€Å"the two† or even â€Å"they.† Employing couple as an adjective (â€Å"Can I borrow a couple dollars?†) is common in speech but not appropriate in writing; the proper form is to treat the word as a noun followed by the preposition of preceding another noun (â€Å"Can I borrow a couple of dollars?†) When quoting a speaker in writing, silent correction interpolating of in the record of a person’s idiomatic speech without brackets or similarly calling attention to the change is advisable. An exception to the â€Å"couple of dollars† preference is when the noun is a numerical reference (â€Å"I bet a couple of hundred dollars on the game†); though this is the preferred form, omission of of in this usage is still common and not considered incorrect. However, of should remain absent from such statements as â€Å"I’ll buy a couple more batteries.† The noun couple is also used informally to refer to more than two people. The verb form lags in generally referring to two people or things, as in connecting of train cars, though this action may repeat sequentially. The form coupling can be a verb, an adjective, and a noun. Note, too, that â€Å"coupled with† takes a singular verb: â€Å"That incident, coupled with his behavior yesterday, is a clear sign of his instability.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Cost-Effective vs. Cost-EfficientExcited ABOUT, not "for" I wish I were...

Internet Marketing Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Internet Marketing - Article Example While buying it online, it immediately disappears. But it can't be a disadvantage. Online you can read about all the specification and compare and try to find something which perfectly fits into your budget without the input of salesman assumption. But not every salesman can tell you all about all the specifications of every mobile. Second Price; it is always hard to do whether the product is selling online or in stores. Mobile phones have same selling prices but the company which is offering connection with it has to find out how much a customer is willing to pay and it is more important to set your price after taking into consideration of competitor's price. No doubt internet has made pricing a lot competitive and increased pressure on the traditional retailers. Loyal customers are more likely to get a reward on internet with automatically getting the repeated customer tracked. Payment is also easy, but there are many stories of fraud involved. Third Place; E-marketing has brought a drastic change in the online purchasing. As customers can buy products directly from the manufacturer's cutting out retailers totally, with a challenge of delivering the product within the timeframe. Mobile phones can be bought directly, from the websites like Nokia, Samsung etc.

Difficulties faced by young people in their transition to adult life Essay

Difficulties faced by young people in their transition to adult life - Essay Example These changes would only be giving them what other young people take for granted. Even once young people are living 'independently', they still need emotional support. To enable a successful transition to adulthood, these proposals need to address the psychological needs of young people leaving care, i.e. their need for sustained and continuous support from key carers well beyond the age of 18. This report starts with a brief description about the Green Paper, its background, the different proposals made and then it is followed by critical appraisal, evidence base, normative assumptions about care and ends with a summary of the implications The government has given major concern for the independence of young people. It has analyzed if young people will be able to support themselves when they leave care. It has also assumed that financial help will be a major issue for young people and hence has discussed about providing accommodation, support in higher education etc. Children and young people in care cannot receive the same kind of affection and care that normal young people receive. This leads to several difficulties which include lack of mental, financial and educational support. Also as Janet Fink says, care has become a key concern and an expanding research area because of shifting demographic, economic and cultural factors; an ageing population, the growing numbers of women in paid work and a perceived fragmentation of family life Provide ex 3. Proposals The proposals made in the Green Paper are: (Ref: Care Matters: Transforming the Lives of Children and Young People in Care) Pilot giving young people a veto over any decisions about legally leaving care before they turn 18 Pilot allowing care leavers to continue to live with foster families up to the age of 21, to evaluate the support required and the impact on their longer term outcomes Provide extra money for the Child Trust Fund accounts of young people in care. An extra 100 per year for every child who spends the year in care will be provided to help them enter adult life. During the consultation period it will be decided whether this is best administered through HM Revenue and Customs or by local authorities themselves. Introduce a national bursary, requiring local authorities to provide a minimum of 2,000 for all young people in care who go on to higher education: Give young people a choice of vacation accommodation, through allowing more young people to remain with carers or in accommodation in their home authority, or to remain in university accommodation Build on existing good practice targeting young people

Figures of Speech Essay Example for Free

Figures of Speech Essay Poets use different figures of speech to convey the message of their works. Some poets use metaphors or similes to baffle the mind and force the body to feel and see the images created while others use paradox, hyperboles, or puns to create the same effect. A good poem should involve all the senses and make the mind work to find meaning. William Blake uses metaphors to make the mind work overtime to find multiple meanings in his work To See a World in a Grain of Sand, while Chidiock Tichborne uses paradox to baffle the mind and reiterate the single meaning in his work Elegy, Written With His Own Hand Before His Execution. To See a World in a Grain of Sand by William Blake is a short poem that is filled with deep meaning. Through the use of metaphors and word choice the work seems lengthy to the mind but short to the eye. A metaphor is a statement that one thing is something else, but in a literal sense it is not (Kennedy 817). A metaphor is filled with suggestion giving a simple line of poetry almost infinite meanings. To See the World in a Grain of Sand (1) is a statement that is loaded with suggestion. There are many similarities between a grain of sand and the world such as: the world is made up of many grains of sand, both are round, and both are the same material to name a few. The two objects are also so different that that the line of poetry leaves the mind scrambling to figure out the meaning of this word combination. To figure out the meaning one must look at the literal meanings of the words and the figurative meaning of the word combinations to unscramble the riddle. On the literal level one must look at the key words in the line such as world, grain, and sand and find their definitions and how they relate to the other words in the line. By definition world is the Earth or Universe grain is a relatively small particle and sand is loose grains of worn or disintegrated rock (On Line Dictionary). The connotations of these words in the context of this line help the brain to understand that an object of huge size or quantity is being compared to something very small. One of the many meanings that could come from this statement is its hard to see the big picture of something while only looking at one small detail. This is only one meaning suggested through this powerful line. Every line in Blakes poem is a metaphor that is filled with suggestion and deep meaning. Hold infinity in the palm of your hand, and eternity in an hour (3) is another metaphor Blake uses to baffle the mind. Infinity is An unbound space, time, or quantity while eternity is time without beginning or end (On Line Dictionary). It is difficult for the mind to fathom these words when looked at alone, but in the context of the poem it is even more difficult to understand how one could fit such a mass into a hand or an hour. On the literal level the mind says it is impossible to comprehend so one must look to the figurative meaning to comprehend what is being said. One of the many meanings of this line is the same as the first; it is hard to see the big picture while only looking at one small detail. Blakes word choice also helps the meaning of the poem. If Blake were to use similes rather than metaphors the work would take on different meaning. If the line and eternity into an hour (4) were changed to eternity is like an hour the work would take on a more limited meaning. When like is put into the line, eternity and hour become directly related where as in the first line eternity is trying to be fit into an hour. A similar effect would occur if the line heaven in a wild flower (2) were changed to heaven is like a wild flower. Heaven would be compared directly to a flower which would change the meaning of this line and therefore the poem. Blake used metaphors and word choice to write a poem that is short, but contains depth. Every word and metaphor in To See the World in a Grain of Sand was carefully arranged to give the poem a broad meaning that could be interpreted in many different ways. In contrast Chidiock Tichborne uses word choice and paradox to convey his limited meaning in the work Elegy, Written With His Own Hand in the Tower Before His Execution. A paradox is a statement that at first strikes us as self-contradictory but on reflection makes some sense (Kennedy 826). Tichbornes work is filled with paradoxes, and is summed up by the paradox at the end of each stanza And now I live, and now my life is done (6). When looking at the main lines in the poem as they reoccur at the end of each stanza one wonders how it is possible to be alive now and also dead at the same time. Upon closer examination of the work the other lines help the brain figure out the paradox. To make sense of the central idea it must be looked at in the context of the other lines in the work. Each line in the work is a paradox that is key to understanding the central idea of the poem. My youth is spent, yet I am not old (9) is one of the lines that mirrors the main point. Youth is defined as the condition of being young while old is defined as having lived for a relatively long time (On Line Dictionary). When looking at these definitions one understands that the narrator has used up their youth, but has not grown old. This could be restated as And now I live, and now my life is done. I sought my death, and found it in my womb (13) is another restatement of the central idea of the poem. Sought means to look for or seek out, so the narrator is looking for his end (On Line Dictionary). Found is to come upon something by searching, and womb is a place where something is generated, so the found his death was where he began (On Line Dictionary). After looking at these definitions we realize that the narrator has not fully lived youth let alone life and is about to die. The two poets demonstrated different figures of speech o convey their message. Blake used metaphors to give his work multiple meanings while Tichborne used paradox to restate his central idea. The two poems are very different from each other but both challenge the mind and body to find meaning making both great works of literature.

Edgar Allan Poe Essay -- Biographies Edgar Allan Poe Essayws

Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe's contributions to American literature have become increasingly more prominent as the years have passed. As short fiction has become a more accepted genre in literary circles, Poe's theories are studied with more passion. Although he lived a rather melancholy existence, Poe did experience moments of joy, and desired to capture beauty through poetical form. Indeed, what he left behind for the literary world was his gifted genius, revealed through his poetry, fiction, and criticism. The darkness that seemed to surround Poe's life began as an infant. Poe was born January 19,1809 in Boston Massachusetts, the second son of David and Eliza Poe. Soon afterward, David Poe abandoned the family. Two-years later Eliza passed away, succumbing to tuberculosis. After her death, Poe, his infant sister, Rosalie, and brother William were separated. William was sent to live with their paternal grandparents. Poe moved to Richmond Virginia to live with John and Fannie Allan; Rosalie was taken in by another family in Richmond (Silverman 1-15). John Allan was a successful businessman; the poverty that Poe had been accustomed to was a thing of the past. Although not extravagant with Poe, John Allan ensured that he had a quality education. While in living in England with the Allans, he attended private academies and continued his education in private schools when they returned to the states. Poe enrolled at the University of Virginia in 1826. While there, he accumulated a large debt. He appealed to John Allan to repay the debts but Allan refused. He believed that Poe was in debt due to gambling and his addiction to alcohol (Silverman 29-38). The greatest contributor to Poe's despair would have to be his self-inflicted addiction to alcohol. His foster family's social status made his alcoholism a shameful vice, and a source of conflict. Using it as an escape of sorts, Poe's life was greatly affected by the substance, disrupting his work, his first engagement, and his time with his foster family. After he left his family, he tried to make a life in Boston, where he found his relatives poor, but giving. Reunited with his brother, William, Poe found him dying at the haunting age of 24. His writing became more insistent, as he found himself rejected by several newspapers. He eventually married his cousin, Virginia, who b... ...an Poe's life was one full of despair and depression. Perhaps it was this state of mind which made him fearless, allowing him to voice his opinion in spite of the criticism directed at him. Today, his words are being regarded with a newfound significance, for short fiction has become a genre in and of itself. His theories on writing will continue to be studied for generations to come. Though his place in literary circles was uncertain before, his place in the literary cannon is undeniable today. Works Cited: Hart, James David. The Oxford Companion to American Literature. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983 Jacobs, Robert D. Poe: Journalist & Critic. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1969. May, Charles E. Edgar Allan Poe: A Study of the Short Fiction. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1991. Poe, Edgar Allan. Tales of Mystery and Imagination. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Editions Limited, 1993 Rosenheim, Shawn, and Stephen Rachman, eds. The American Face of Edgar Allan Poe. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995 Silverman, Kenneth. Edgar A. Poe, Mournful and Never-ending Remembrance. New York: Harper 1992 Edgar Allan Poe Essay -- Biographies Edgar Allan Poe Essayws Edgar Allan Poe Edgar Allan Poe's contributions to American literature have become increasingly more prominent as the years have passed. As short fiction has become a more accepted genre in literary circles, Poe's theories are studied with more passion. Although he lived a rather melancholy existence, Poe did experience moments of joy, and desired to capture beauty through poetical form. Indeed, what he left behind for the literary world was his gifted genius, revealed through his poetry, fiction, and criticism. The darkness that seemed to surround Poe's life began as an infant. Poe was born January 19,1809 in Boston Massachusetts, the second son of David and Eliza Poe. Soon afterward, David Poe abandoned the family. Two-years later Eliza passed away, succumbing to tuberculosis. After her death, Poe, his infant sister, Rosalie, and brother William were separated. William was sent to live with their paternal grandparents. Poe moved to Richmond Virginia to live with John and Fannie Allan; Rosalie was taken in by another family in Richmond (Silverman 1-15). John Allan was a successful businessman; the poverty that Poe had been accustomed to was a thing of the past. Although not extravagant with Poe, John Allan ensured that he had a quality education. While in living in England with the Allans, he attended private academies and continued his education in private schools when they returned to the states. Poe enrolled at the University of Virginia in 1826. While there, he accumulated a large debt. He appealed to John Allan to repay the debts but Allan refused. He believed that Poe was in debt due to gambling and his addiction to alcohol (Silverman 29-38). The greatest contributor to Poe's despair would have to be his self-inflicted addiction to alcohol. His foster family's social status made his alcoholism a shameful vice, and a source of conflict. Using it as an escape of sorts, Poe's life was greatly affected by the substance, disrupting his work, his first engagement, and his time with his foster family. After he left his family, he tried to make a life in Boston, where he found his relatives poor, but giving. Reunited with his brother, William, Poe found him dying at the haunting age of 24. His writing became more insistent, as he found himself rejected by several newspapers. He eventually married his cousin, Virginia, who b... ...an Poe's life was one full of despair and depression. Perhaps it was this state of mind which made him fearless, allowing him to voice his opinion in spite of the criticism directed at him. Today, his words are being regarded with a newfound significance, for short fiction has become a genre in and of itself. His theories on writing will continue to be studied for generations to come. Though his place in literary circles was uncertain before, his place in the literary cannon is undeniable today. Works Cited: Hart, James David. The Oxford Companion to American Literature. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983 Jacobs, Robert D. Poe: Journalist & Critic. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1969. May, Charles E. Edgar Allan Poe: A Study of the Short Fiction. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1991. Poe, Edgar Allan. Tales of Mystery and Imagination. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Editions Limited, 1993 Rosenheim, Shawn, and Stephen Rachman, eds. The American Face of Edgar Allan Poe. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995 Silverman, Kenneth. Edgar A. Poe, Mournful and Never-ending Remembrance. New York: Harper 1992

From West Side Story to Spring Awakening: the Evolution of the American Musical

23 September 2012 From West Side Story to Spring Awakening: The Evolution of the American Musical Broadway, also known as The Great White Way, no matter how you chose to describe it, they describe a place that for over one hundred years has put on the most spectacular musicals in the world. From Ancient Greece to the Globe Theatre and finally to Broadway, these places have all been known for being â€Å"the† place for plays and musicals. â€Å"Broadway is the street in New York that has come to symbolize live theater entertainment throughout the world† (Talkinbroadway. om). Over the last one hundred years many things have changed in the world of the musical. Producers, directors, and actors now have more freedom and liberty with their production and the portrayal of the characters. â€Å"While the contemporary Broadway musical took its form from operetta, it got its comic soul from the variety entertainments that delighted America from the mid-1800s onward. Crude Ameri can Variety and Minstrel Shows eventually gave way to the more refined pleasures of Vaudeville — and the rowdy spirit of Burlesque† (Musicals101. com). George M.Cohan was the first to really put his stamp on The Great White Way, and in turn he unknowingly started a change in how shows on Broadway were performed and produced. â€Å"American composers George M. Cohan and Victor Herbert gave the American musical comedy a distinctive sound and style† (Musicals101. com). With his performing past Cohan could only succeed. His biggest hit was Little Johnny Jones, wherein George Cohan would play an â€Å"American Jockey name Johnny Jones, who had returned to his hometown victoriously after being falsely accused of throwing a race at the London Derby† (Lewis 6). While the London stage was still living in another century with The Arcadians and The Quake Girl†¦.. outside a small section of Manhattan Island known as The Great White Way, one man was setting the Am erican musical stage on the course it was to take for the remainder of the twentieth century† (Jackson 22). George Cohan’s contribution to Broadway inspired others. The people he inspired would go on to put their own stamp on Broadway. One of the biggest he influenced was Jerome Kern. Jerome Kern â€Å"like most of his peers was the recipient of numerous rejections from music publishers† (Lewis 8).After numerous rejections, at the age of 17 Jerome Kern’s first tune â€Å"At the Casino† was published. Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein II would come together and create one of the biggest musicals of not only their time but of all time: Show Boat. The difference between Show Boat and the other plays was that â€Å"the play was the thing, and everything else was subservient to that play. With Show Boat came complete integration of song, humor and production numbers into a single and inextricable artistic entity.Here, finally, was a musical with a consi stent and credible story line, authentic atmosphere and three-dimensional characters† (TheatreHistory. com). Their groundbreaking musical led to the beginning of the musical theatre revolution. Show Boat opened on December 37, 1927, and â€Å"doubtlessly stunned audiences with its atypical realism† (Lewis 18). Hammerstein’s score would have no doubt left an impact on the musical’s audience. He would become one of the greatest musical composers of all time. Show Boat â€Å"caused a tremor through show circles—but not an earthquake† (Lewis 22).While it didn’t have the impact that Cohan had, it still brought on change and gave the audience something they had yet to see. After Show Boat, Oscar Hammerstein tried to repeat his success with five more productions that ultimately failed. However, the tides were beginning to change; on March 31, 1943 Oklahoma was unveiled to the world. â€Å"Within ten minutes† ‘of its opening, wrot e Brooks Atkinson in his book Broadway’ â€Å"a Broadway audience was transported out of the ugly realities of wartime into a warm, languorous, shining time and place where the only problems were simple and wholesome, and people were uncomplicated and joyous† (Lewis 35).How many young girls aspiring to achieve a career on Broadway do not at some point in time do not recreate Laurie’s dream sequence? It was a pivotal moment in musical theatre history and a much needed success for Oscar Hammerstein. It was a modern version of Romeo and Juliet that left the most impact on the Broadway audience. â€Å"Jerome Robbins brought together composer Leonard Berstein and playwright Arthur Laurents to work a modern day version of Romeo and Juliet, called East Side Story (Green 175). East Side Story was never put on due to scheduling conflicts.However, six years later, East Side Story became West Side Story and the world was introduced to the story of Tony and Maria. A duo wh o fell in love despite all obstacles that surrounded them. The world was also shown the lyrical genius known as Stephen Sondheim. Sondheim and Laurents would later recall that â€Å"although production ran for nearly two years and managed to turn a profit, business was never outstanding† (Lewis 84). Hard to imagine considering West Side Story is to this day still an iconic and popular musical.It was in the late twentieth century that the audience was treated to a musical that had yet to be seen, a story yet to be told during the course of Broadway’s illustrious history. â€Å"In the world of Rent, the alluring young protagonists, plagued by a host of contemporary ills from drug addiction to STDs, believes that society owes them free rent† (Lewis 167). It was an idea that was fresh and new; an idea that was very much needed in this new day and age. How many people shed a tear when Angel died?It was something that the audience needed, considering that every day mo re and more people were falling ill to these same illnesses. Rent provided a relatable aspect towards its audience. Many stars were created from the cast of Rent, but one would leave the show and captivate the audience by playing a wicked witch. Wicked is the story of the witches of Oz before the invasion of Dorothy. Idina Menzel left Rent to portray Elphaba, â€Å"The Wicked Witch of the East†. She constantly clashed with Glinda, â€Å"The Good Witch of the North† and Wicked became a story within a story.While it described the witches before the invasion of Dorothy and her loveable dog Toto, it also told the story of the events that led up to Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz. Wicked gives the audience the story of The Wicked Witch of the East before Dorothy dropped a house on her. It also allows the audience to see that Glinda wasn’t as perfect as everyone thought. While Elphaba was her own person, Glinda on many occasions would try to get Elphaba to conform to wha t her peers were. This would lead to her striking out on her own. In 2006, audiences were treated to a new musical.A story that while written in the nineteenth century had contemporary lyrics and a young cast that gave the story life and showed tragedies that had yet to be seen before. Spring Awakening showed the fallout of being young and uninformed, it showed abuse at home, mistreatment from your teachers, and what being desperate can do to a young person. The audience was shown the story of Wendla Bergman who despite being a teenager was woefully uninformed of the things she desperately needed to know, Melchior Gabbor, a self-proclaimed atheist and all around golden boy despites his religious iews, and Moritz Steifel, who above all else just wanted to make his father proud and who became victim to his professors who decided to play God with his life. Wendla being woefully uninformed led to her unknowingly getting pregnant by Melchior, as her mother informed her that essentially y ou could only get pregnant once married. Once her pregnancy was discovered her mother took her to a shady doctor who performed a botched abortion that ultimately led to Wendla’s death. Moritz Steifel needed to pass his exams to continue on in school, and he did.However, his professors failed him and expelled him from school. After being shunned by his father and failing as an apprentice, Moritz ends up committing suicide. Melchior doesn’t even know about the creation of his child with Wendla or their demise until he escapes from reform school and sees the graves of both Wendla nd Moritz. The productions ends with a haunting scene in which Melchior is about to commit suicide when the ghosts of Wendla and Moritz stop him. The American Musical has changed vastly over the last one hundred years. The audience and the landscape have changed over the years.From West Side Story where Maria threatens to kill herself to Spring Awakening where Wendla actually dies a tragic death that could have been prevented if she had only been informed of the ways of the world. Works Cited Lewis, David H.. Broadway Musicals: A Hundred Year History. Jefferson, N. C. : McFarland, 2002. Pgs. 6-8, 18-22, 84, 167. Print. Jackson, Arthur. The Best Musicals from Show boat to Sweeney Todd: Broadway, Off Broadway, London. New York: Crown Publishers, 1977. Page 22. Print. Green, Stanley. Broadway Musicals, Show by Show. Seventh ed. Milwaukee, WI: H. Leonard Books, 1985. 175. Print. Talkin' Broadway – Broadway 101 â€Å"The Great White Way†. † Talkin' Broadway – Broadway & Off-Broadway theatre discussion, cast recording news, reviews of musicals and drama. N. p. , n. d. Web. 23 Sept. 2012. <http://www. talkinbroadway. com/bway101/1. html>. Birdie, e Bye. â€Å"American Musical Theatre: An Introduction. † TheatreHistory. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 23 Sept. 2012. <http://www. theatrehistory. com/american/musical030. html>. 1990s, The. â €Å"Musicals On Stage: A Capsule History. † Musicals101. com – The Cyber Encyclopedia of Musicals. N. p. , n. d. Web. 23 Sept. 2012. <http://www. musicals101. com/stagecap. htm>.

Epic vs. Tragic †Macbeth and Odysseus Essay

When different literary works are examined similarities and differences are noticeable. This remains true in The Odyssey by Homer and The Tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare. The Odyssey’s main character is a courageous soldier named Odysseus who faces many obstacles on his journey home. The Tragedy of Macbeth includes a power obsessed king with the name of Macbeth. Homer’s Odysseus and Shakespeare’s Macbeth compare in their ambitions and their positions in society, but they also contrast due to the fact that Odysseus is an epic hero and Macbeth is a tragic hero. Odysseus and Macbeth’s similar ambitions drive them to get what they want. In Odysseus’s case it help him to return to his home, â€Å"All hands aboard;/ Come, clear the beach and no one taste/ The Lotus, or you lose your home of home† (Part 1, 52-54). Odysseus’s ambition leads him to understand that getting home is the most important thing to focus on. This ambition keeps Odysseus’s mind on his goal and drives him to eventually return to Ithaca. Macbeth has the same ambition when it comes to him reaching his goal of forever being king, â€Å"We have scotched the snake, not killed it† (III. ii. 13). Macbeth is explaining how killing one man has not completed his plan to ensure his reign as king. Macbeth’s ambition drives him to kill anyone that stands in his way of the throne. These men have opposite overall goals but the ambition that drives them to their goals is virtually the same. Odysseus and Macbeth also have great importance in their societies. Odysseus a king and a brave soldier holds much importance to the people of Ithaca, â€Å"Odysseus my lord among the rest./ If he returned, if he were here to care for me,/ I might be happily renowned!† (Part 3, 116-118). Here Odysseus’s wife, Penelope, is making it clear how this hero of the Trojan War and great king of Ithaca is a great lord to his people. He is a courageous soldier as is Macbeth and they both are kings over their people. Before Macbeth’s downfall, he kills the Thane of Cawdor in a heroic battle, â€Å"What he hath lost noble Macbeth hath won† (I. ii. 67). Macbeth is the king of Scotland and starts off as a heroic and brave soldier. He is not the best leader but he still holds great importance. Both men share their standings in society and the heroic acts they perform for their people. Odysseus and Macbeth are also different because one is an epic hero and the other a tragic hero. Odysseus, an epic hero, protects his men throughout The Odyssey and continues to grow as a character, â€Å"My faithful company/ Rested on their oars now, peeling off/ The wax that I had laid thick on their ears;/ Then set me free† (Part 2, 59-62). At the beginning of the story you can see Odysseus’s crew is faithful and they stand by Odysseus showing that he starts out as a great man and continues to progress. Odysseus and Macbeth are opposite because Odysseus grows throughout the work while Macbeth falls. Macbeth starts out as a great soldier but by the end he slowly fades into an evil man, â€Å"Will all great Neptune’s ocean wash this blood/ Clean from my hand?† (II. ii. 60-61). This marks the beginning of Macbeth’s downfall as he commits his first selfish murder. Macbeth only falls farther as he continues to commit these murders only to get him farther in life. This difference is one of the most significant as one character rises to become a better man and the other falls to his death due to his lack of moral compass. Both of these important characters, Odysseus and Macbeth, have their similarities and their differences. Their ambition drives them to reach their overall goals and their importance to their people remains similar, yet they are different because one is a tragic hero while the other an epic hero. Comparing these to seemingly different works has allowed for many similarities and quite a few differences to come to light.

GRE sample essay -argument issue Essays

GRE sample essay -argument issue Essays GRE sample essay -argument issue Essay GRE sample essay -argument issue Essay The given argument initially brings up an issue that many parents picked up their children when day-care center has already closed. Although the road construction on 1-72 was mentioned in the memo, the owner of Happy Sun Happy Moon day-care center ignores some consequences from the construction and recommends charging regulation for those parents who arrive late. This argument lacks of adequate evidences and reasons behind such determination and thus it may dissatisfy some parents. Therefore, I think the argument needs to be explored more thoroughly which I will explain in the following paragraphs. The major overlooked assumption is that there are several reasons why parents cannot pick up their kids on time. It is possible that they havent received any information regarding times and places of the road construction. As a result, they arrive the center late in spite of their early leaving from workplaces. Moreover, the owner shouldnt anticipate parents to leave early in order to pick up their children. This expectation is impossible in most occupations because leaving before closing times could be considered serious misconduct in some workplaces. How can author expect parents to do that? For these reasons, the regulation should be revised according to the above suggestions. It is difficult to believe that charging fee from those parents would be the best choice to cope with such problem. Some parents are willing to pay for the fees If they really have important appointments. : For Instance, the parents who are doctors might experience emergency cases which will have to spend longer time In their workplace. In that cases, the fees Is not a major concern for them to keep their children safe In the centre. To gain this supports, If the owner would Like all parents to appear on time, he will have to convince or ask for parents cooperation rather than using charging policy to force them. It could be a security purpose that persuades the parents to come early because there are no security officers around center after opening hours. In Its present form, the argument falls to provide strong evidences on supporting the claim that charging fee for the parents will definitely solve the centers problem. To gain more beneficial outcomes, the author should provide additional details of the road construction together with Informing their clients of logical reasons for arriving on time In order to obtain maximum cooperation. GREG sample essay -argument issue By Alliteration to cope with such problem. Some parents are willing to pay for the fees if they really eave important appointments. For instance, the parents who are doctors might experience emergency cases which will have to spend longer time in their workplace. In that cases, the fees is not a major concern for them to keep their children safe in the centre. To gain this supports, if the owner would like all parents to appear on In its present form, the argument fails to provide strong evidences on supporting the road construction together with informing their clients of logical reasons for arriving on time in order to obtain maximum cooperation.

A History of the Chola Empire of India

A History of the Chola Empire of India Nobody knows exactly when the first Chola kings took power in the southern point of India, but certainly, the Chola Dynasty was established by the third century BCE, because they are mentioned in one of Ashoka the Greats stelae.  Not only did the Cholas outlast Ashokas Mauryan Empire, they continued to rule until 1279 CE- more than 1,500 years.   Fun Fact The Cholas ruled for more than 1,500 years, making them one of the longest-ruling families in human history, if not the longest. The Chola Empire was based in the Kaveri River Valley, which runs southeast through Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and the southern Deccan Plateau to the Bay of Bengal.  At its height, the Chola Empire controlled not only southern India and Sri Lanka, but also the Maldives.  It took key maritime trading posts from the Srivijaya Empire in what is now Indonesia, enabling a rich cultural transfusion in both directions, and sent diplomatic and trading missions to Chinas Song Dynasty (960 - 1279 CE). Chola History The origins of the Chola Dynasty are lost to history.  The kingdom is mentioned, however, in early Tamil literature, and on one of the Pillars of Ashoka (273 - 232 BCE).  It also appears in the Greco-Roman Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (c. 40 - 60 CE), and in Ptolemys Geography (c. 150 CE).  The ruling family came from the Tamil ethnic group. Around the year 300 CE, the Pallava and Pandya Kingdoms spread their influence over most of the Tamil heartlands of southern India, and the Cholas went into a decline.  They likely served as sub-rulers under the new powers, yet they retained  enough prestige that their daughters often married in to the Pallava and Pandya families. When war broke out between the Pallava and Pandya kingdoms in about 850 CE, the Cholas seized their chance.  King Vijayalaya renounced his Pallava overlord and captured the city of Thanjavur (Tanjore), making it his new capital.  This marked the start of the Medieval Chola period  and the peak of Chola power. Vijayalayas son, Aditya I, went on to defeat  the Pandyan Kingdom in 885 and the  Pallava Kingdom in 897 CE.  His son followed up with the conquest of Sri Lanka in 925; by 985, the Chola Dynasty ruled all of the Tamil-speaking regions of southern India.  The next two kings, Rajaraja Chola I (r. 985 - 1014 CE) and Rajendra Chola I (r. 1012 - 1044 CE) extended the empire still further.   Rajaraja Cholas reign marked the emergence of the Chola Empire as a multi-ethnic trading colossus.  He pushed the empires northern boundary out of Tamil lands to Kalinga in the northeast of India  and sent his navy to capture the Maldives and the rich Malabar Coast along the subcontinents southwestern shore.  These territories were key points along the  Indian Ocean trade routes.   By 1044, Rajendra Chola had pushed the borders north to the Ganges River (Ganga), conquering the rulers of Bihar and Bengal, and he had also taken coastal Myanmar (Burma), the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and key ports in the Indonesian archipelago and Malay Peninsula.  It was the first true maritime empire based in India.  The Chola Empire under Rajendra even exacted tribute from Siam (Thailand) and Cambodia.  Cultural and artistic influences flowed in both directions between Indochina and the Indian mainland.   Throughout the medieval period, however, the Cholas had one major thorn in their side.  The Chalukya Empire, in the  western Deccan Plateau,  rose up periodically and tried to throw off Chola control.  After decades of intermittent warfare, the Chalukya kingdom collapsed in 1190.  The Chola Empire, however, did not long outlast its gadfly. It was an ancient rival that finally did in the Cholas for good.  Between 1150 and 1279, the Pandya family gathered its armies and launched a number of bids for independence in their traditional lands.  The Cholas under Rajendra III  fell to the Pandyan Empire  in 1279  and ceased to exist. The Chola Empire left a rich legacy in the Tamil country.  It saw majestic architectural accomplishments such as the Thanjavur Temple, amazing artwork including particularly graceful  bronze sculpture, and a golden age of Tamil literature and poetry.  All of these cultural properties also found their way into the Southeast Asian artistic lexicon, influencing religious art and literature from Cambodia to Java.

Discuss the importance of passion and love Essay

Discuss the importance of passion and love - Essay Example In line 2 of the poem, he states, â€Å"Before my pen has glean'd my teeming brain,† of which he is talking about his passion for writing, meaning before he has written anything that he can gather from the flood of thoughts in his head. In the last 4 lines of the poem, lines 9 through 12, he extends his fear to also include the potential loss of his love. However, in the last 2 lines, it seems he has come to terms with his fears and recognizes an unimportance of love, in the last line he says, â€Å"Till love and fame to nothingness do sink.† In â€Å"The Eve of St. Agnes,† by Keats, he takes the opposite perspective on love. He describes a character who is propelled into a situation, specifically a house, which contains noted dangers, â€Å"Hyena foemen, and hot-blooded lords,† to rescue an old, frail woman, out of love, â€Å"Save one old beldame, weak in body and soul.† Lord Byron’s poems, â€Å"When We Two Parted† and â€Å"She Wa lks in Beauty,† are poems that discuss love in past-tense; it has been experienced, and has since vanished. He is talking about it in the present, reminiscing about his history. One example of past and present in â€Å"When We Two Parted,† is in stanza 2, â€Å"The dew of the morning sunk chill on my brow—it felt like the warning of what I feel now.† By this, he is referring to how he felt in the past, compared to the same feeling in the present.

The Key Developments in Social Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

The Key Developments in Social Policy - Essay Example The present paper aims to analyze and evaluate the important developments the New Labour administration had introduced and observed in the social policy with regards to addressing the challenges of child poverty and child abuse since 1997 onward in the light of the implication of the social policy on the overall welfare of the children. Hence, the paper will concentrate on the progress witnessed by the UK authorities in respect of improving the condition of the children. (Full stop) in order to protect them from becoming the victim of poverty and abuse for the future days to come. The main objective behind exploring the social policy with regards to the children includes the significant increase the British society has witnessed in the poverty level as well as child abuse in the country during the last few years. Since the new social policy had been devised’to combat’’ to combat with child abuse and child poverty, failure in overcoming both these problems, serves as a great challenge on the part of the British government. The paper will elaborate on social policy, and different strategies adopted by the UK administration in respect of the improvements being made in it in the wake of revising these policies in the best interest of the public at large. Finally, the evaluation of the social policy on children will be made in the light of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). Their purpose was to investigate rather than into the validity of the social policy on the one side, and the functioning of the same on the other. Introduction: Social policy simply refers to all the strategies and schemes articulated and implemented by the authorities with the aim of bringing in improvements in one or all areas related to the individual and collective well-being of the members of society in general. â€Å"Social policies† according to Prof. Macbeth, â€Å"are connected with the right ordering of the network of relations hips between men and women who live together in societies, or with the principles which should govern the activities of individuals or groups, so far they affect the lives and interests of other people† (1957:1). Vargas-Hernandez et al. define social policy to be the â€Å"guidelines and interventions for the changing, maintenance or creation of living conditions that are conducive to human welfare† (2011:287). It includes the upbringing of the people in the areas like food, clothing, shelter, health, education, housing, employment and protection for all without discrimination. Consequently, social policies are devised by keeping in view the welfare and socio-economic uplift of the masses in various areas of life; and without observing any prejudice with regards to to the class, caste, creed, ethnicity, race, region, religion, gender, sexual orientation and socio-economic status of the members of society. The authorities make plans y focusing on the social issues challe nging the members of society on the one side, and for combating with the social evils prevailing in the culture on the other.  

Dress code Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dress code - Term Paper Example In order to achieve this, we do require you to gain full understanding of the management’s expectations from you so that you may act accordingly. Although most of you are aware of the standards maintained by ABC Institute, yet a lot of new employees have been recruited recently and the management wants to once and for all, make clear the dress code that they are obliged to follow as a requirement of their contract with the ABC Institute. Old employees should review the memo to find slight additions that have been made to the last dress code policy. Being Muslim, our standards for dress are derived from the teachings of Islam. Modesty is the principle determinant of the eligibility of dress for both men and women in the institute. Dress code for men: Dress pants (jeans are not allowed), collared shirts with full sleeves, tie, and boots (sandals are not allowed). Jersey can be worn as per the need. Dress code for women: Trousers (jeans are not allowed), knee long skirts (can be longer but not any shorter), full sleeved blouses till waist (can be longer but not any shorter), boots (sandals are not allowed), and scarf (compulsory). Half sleeved blouses can be worn by the female staff members provided that the sleeve covers the elbow. T-shirts are disallowed! Knee length skirts should cover the knees in all positions i.e. sitting and standing. It is advisable to wear a knee length skirt with full sleeved or three-quarters sleeved blouse, and a full length skirt with a half sleeved blouse. Full length trousers are to be worn in either case! ABC Institute Code of Behavior: All staff members are expected to completely comply with the ABC Institute Code of Behavior. Staff members are obliged to: Display professionalism always while representing the ABC Institute Serve as a role model for others by always showing perfect mannerism Respect the religious as well as traditional beliefs of all communities in UAE Follow the ABC Institute Dress Code at all times All mem bers of the staff should be aware of the fact that ABC Institute provides the public with full time customer service. The service continues 24 / 7 uninterruptedly. That essentially tells that many of the staff members have to work in the night shift. They are advised to adjust their schedule accordingly so that they are able to deliver their best in the night. ABC Institute requires its staff members to present themselves to the public in a getup that is expected of them in context of the Islamic teachings and the indigenous culture of UAE which accords with them. UAE maintains a multicultural society, and people from all over the world dwell here. The staff members, should never, in any way, comment on the getup of any customer. ABC Institute’s workforce is expected to always display excellent mannerism, which essentially constitutes all three areas of language, behavior and dress. Upon recruitment, all staff members are made aware of what the management expects them to disp lay with respect to each of the three areas of mannerism. While we talk of language, it essentially includes body language in addition to the verbal language. ABC Institute expects every staff member to be very formal in both kinds of languages, and make excellent use of emotional intelligence in the workplace. Smoking is strictly prohibited both within the workplace. No staff member is allowed to use cigarettes or any other kind of drugs

Pressure Pulse Production of Train Passing to Adjacent Line

Pressure Pulse Production of Train Passing to Adjacent Line This topic concerns the pressure pulse produced by one train on another being passed on an adjacent line. Although studies of this phenomenon had been undertaken for research and development purposes during the 1970s, a need to quantify the magnitude of the effect for existing and future high speed service routes arose in the late 1980s due to adverse comments from train users. The comments were relatively rare, but mainly centred around passengers being startled by the banging of doors (particularly of external sliding doors used on some types of Multiple Unit) and windows (particularly hopper windows) when passed by other trains at high speeds. In addition, coffee and other drinks resting on tables on the side adjacent to the Fast line, mainly in other HSTs, were regularly spilt by passing HSTs. This was caused by a rapid displacement of the coach wall against which the tables rested. Although the events could not be called serious, it was evident that a criterion was needed for the design of new trains for the: i) Door and window mounts and for the structural side-wall stiffness of vehicles likely to be operating on high speed routes ii) Future high speed train nose shapes, (as it was known that it was the aerodynamic shaping, as well as speed, of the source train that sized the pulse magnitude). Subsequently, tests were undertaken by the Research Division of BRB in 1988 to assess the magnitude of the largest pressure pulses produced by service trains at that time. Tests were undertaken on ECML with a test vehicle being passed, during both static and moving tests, by a number of service trains. Of particular interest was HST, as it was often the offending train and was operating at speeds up to 125 mi/h on tracks at a nominal spacing of 3.4m. In some places, track spacing was known to be less than this and, of course, considerably more than this in other places. In addition, the Class 91 loco was being produced and it was necessary to choose a criterion bearing in mind future operation of the IC225 train (also on ECML). In that event, it was decided during discussions between the senior managements of the Research Division and the IC225 Project Team that IC225 operation at 225 km/h should form the limiting condition for defining the pulse limit. At that time, prior to tests being undertaken with Class 91, it had been assumed that the pulse characteristics generated by the nose shape of the Class 91 would be similar to HST, and therefore that a criterion based on an HST result scaled up from 125 mi/h to 225 km/h (140mi/h) should be adopted. Results from the tests produced a mean value, (taken over several passes at different track spacings and speeds of both trains), for the HST normalised to 3.4 m nominal track interval, which was given by the non-dimensional parameter, à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬Å¾CP = 0.6. At 225 km/h, this equated to 1.44 kPa peak-to-peak amplitude. Subsequent tests with IC225 showed the Class 91 to have slightly better characteristics than HST, but the 1.44 kPa value was adopted for future project design purposes. An indication of this is given in the attached letter involving a proposed lC250 development for WCML operation written by the Technical Director (Research) of British Rail Research to the Project Director IC225. It is important to note that, in this letter and elsewhere, the 1.44 kPa criterion was defined in association with 3.4 m track spacing. Similarly, acceptance tests undertaken during development work on new train designs were checked against a limit of 1.44 kPa at 3.4 m track spacing. Further, BR Research advised that, for practical purposes during track tests, compliance with the criterion was to be checked against a measurement taken at mid-window height on a stationary observing train on straight track on a calm (no wind) day. The result then was to be corrected to nominal 3.4m track spacing. Observations In the same way as for the original tests and for the nominal service condition chosen by Research and DMEE management, there will be circumstances now when 1.44 kPa is exceeded. For example, movement of the observing train, the presence of cross-winds, reduced track spacing and track curvature can all increase the pulse amplitude. Thus, it is important to adopt this specification of the reference set of conditions under which the criterion is to be met. Note that the above implies that rolling stock operating on high speed routes should be structurally designed to a criterion in excess of l.44kPa for the train passing pressure pulse case. For the proof load case of unsealed trains, this will usually be covered by the Q.5kPa specification for vehicle body structures (see Railtrack Gp. Stds. GM/TT0l22, GM/TTOl23, GM/RC2504). Sealed trains will be covered by their own more stringent limits. However, fatigue load cases particularly for unsealed trains may need to incorporate higher values associated with regular exceedances of the 1.44 kPa value. It would appear, therefore, that the original Railtrack Spec. for WCML mistakenly omitted reference to 3.4 m track spacing in its definition of the conditions under which the 1.44 kPa criterion   should be met. Incidentally, the corresponding Railtrack Spec. for ECML does define 3.4 m as the reference condition.

Natalia Ginzburgs The Son of Man Essay -- War World Philosophical pap

Natalia Ginzburg's The Son of Man In â€Å"The Son of Man,† Natalia Ginzburg asserts that while the war did irreparable psychological damage to its survivors, it also gave the young generation enough strength to confront the stark reality of the precarious nature of human existence. Passionately but concisely, through the use of repetitive imagery, fatalistic tone and lack of classic organization, Ginzburg shows how the war changed the world around Man and how Man changed his perception of the world. People cannot choose the time to live and die. Ginzburg had to live through the horrors of war: destroyed houses, air raids, arrests, and death. She shows how the war not only deprives people of their belongings, but also distorts the primary meaning of things and concepts. The world â€Å"police† no longer bears the meaning of protection and help but rather that of fear and suspicion. All pretty things that decorate a house, as well as the house itself, come to be viewed simply as raw material that will eventually turn to dust. Children of the war had seen too much terror and suffering in real life; therefore, Ginzburg asserts that this makes it impossible to raise children telling them fairy tales as the previous generations did. The only advantage the Ginzburg’s generation got from the war is the ability to see and speak the truth. As the generation of men they have no illusion they will find some peace or certainty in life, but they have found â€Å"strength† and â€Å"toughness† to â€Å"face whatever reality may confront† them and they are â€Å"glad of their destiny†. Ginzburg speaks on behalf of her generation appealing to everyone who is willing to listen. Her voice is full of passion and conviction. Appealing to a reader, she neither tells a ... ...part is reserved for Ginzburg’s generation: she calls it the â€Å"generation of men† as opposed to the previous generation of â€Å"foxes and wolves.† She uses this image comparison to show that the gap between two generations is insurmountable (lifestyle of men is very different from that of animals) and even though the war deprives her generation of any certainty, safety and rest it forces it â€Å"to seek out new strength.† Thus, her generation gets a higher status, the status of men, and a new world, the world of the unadorned truth. Ginzburg insists that time cannot heal the wounds of war and that her generation, tied to war by its suffering and by its destiny, uncompromisingly carries the truth. She effectively uses all her rhetorical tools: repetitive imagery, fatalistic tone, and purposeful lack of organization, to show how war makes people lose their world forever. Natalia Ginzburg's The Son of Man Essay -- War World Philosophical pap Natalia Ginzburg's The Son of Man In â€Å"The Son of Man,† Natalia Ginzburg asserts that while the war did irreparable psychological damage to its survivors, it also gave the young generation enough strength to confront the stark reality of the precarious nature of human existence. Passionately but concisely, through the use of repetitive imagery, fatalistic tone and lack of classic organization, Ginzburg shows how the war changed the world around Man and how Man changed his perception of the world. People cannot choose the time to live and die. Ginzburg had to live through the horrors of war: destroyed houses, air raids, arrests, and death. She shows how the war not only deprives people of their belongings, but also distorts the primary meaning of things and concepts. The world â€Å"police† no longer bears the meaning of protection and help but rather that of fear and suspicion. All pretty things that decorate a house, as well as the house itself, come to be viewed simply as raw material that will eventually turn to dust. Children of the war had seen too much terror and suffering in real life; therefore, Ginzburg asserts that this makes it impossible to raise children telling them fairy tales as the previous generations did. The only advantage the Ginzburg’s generation got from the war is the ability to see and speak the truth. As the generation of men they have no illusion they will find some peace or certainty in life, but they have found â€Å"strength† and â€Å"toughness† to â€Å"face whatever reality may confront† them and they are â€Å"glad of their destiny†. Ginzburg speaks on behalf of her generation appealing to everyone who is willing to listen. Her voice is full of passion and conviction. Appealing to a reader, she neither tells a ... ...part is reserved for Ginzburg’s generation: she calls it the â€Å"generation of men† as opposed to the previous generation of â€Å"foxes and wolves.† She uses this image comparison to show that the gap between two generations is insurmountable (lifestyle of men is very different from that of animals) and even though the war deprives her generation of any certainty, safety and rest it forces it â€Å"to seek out new strength.† Thus, her generation gets a higher status, the status of men, and a new world, the world of the unadorned truth. Ginzburg insists that time cannot heal the wounds of war and that her generation, tied to war by its suffering and by its destiny, uncompromisingly carries the truth. She effectively uses all her rhetorical tools: repetitive imagery, fatalistic tone, and purposeful lack of organization, to show how war makes people lose their world forever.

India Problems Essay

India should stop obsessing about how to become one of the world’s great powers and focus on solving its biggest problems to become a great nation, Sundeep Wasleka, the president of Strategic Foresight Group, writes in this month’s Forbes India. At present, regardless of the hype, India is failing, Wasleka suggests. Politicians and business leaders are always thumping their chests over India’s rising importance in the G20 and lobby for a new G10 (the G8 plus India and China). But 200 out of the country’s 600 districts are infested with Maoist revolutionaries who know full well their strategy for changing the country is tantamount to suicide. And while China has (belatedly) made its great leap forward, India is still limping two steps ahead and then stumbling back one. Here’s Waslekar: * Twenty years ago, the average productivity of a cow or a buffalo in both India and China was in the region of 1,000-2,000 litres of milk each year. An Indian buffalo continues to deliver the same yields, while an animal bred in China delivers five times as much. Why? What is it about the Indian dairy farmer that holds him back? * India is a rain-dependent nation. But on average, only 38 percent of arable land is irrigated. Solutions like drip irrigation are available to redress the problem. But only a meagre 5 percent of available land has seen this solution. Why don’t Indian farmers demand drip irrigation? * There are roughly 450 million people in India that make up our work force. Of these, 90 percent haven’t completed school education. Why? Because, of the 630,000 villages in India, over 500,000 don’t have schools that can provide education above Class VII. Without a doubt, labour productivity is linked to education. Why does the Indian labourer not demand education? Good questions, which the writer doesn’t exactly answer. But he does offer some solutions. Or what I’ll call: 5 Ways to Fix India: 1. Make politicians live like the voters. When Turkey’s Recep Tayyip Erdogan of the AK Party came to power, the country was ruled by military elites, and regular people had to lump it. But Erdogan decided to change the country’s political and economic future by changing the mindset of its leaders. On assuming power, Erdogan moved into a two-storey house in downtown Ankara and ruled that all ministers and members of Parliament ought to live in their own homes. In a speech delivered at the Turkish Parliament he argued, â€Å"If you want to be representatives of people, you must live and work with your people.† He then proceeded to take away other privileges they enjoyed. He followed it up by calling in people from the construction business and asking them to reduce invoices he reckoned were inflated or face being blacklisted for all government projects. He also made it clear that any compromise on quality, durability or deadlines in building roads, dams or other projects with public money would attract severe penalties. He then moved to provide special grants to the poorest and incentives to small businesses in an attempt to provide a fillip to the rural economy. He issued orders that his government focus on education in the most backward provinces of Turkey. Five years was all it took to effect a transformation. The party came back to power in 2007 and again last year. It was the kind of change that took Southeast Asian countries almost two decades. Can it happen in India? It looks as though it could, if you compare two Himalayan states–Sikkim and Jammu & Kashmir. Both lie in the l ap of the Himalayas. Sikkim has the Chinese to contend with and J&K the Pakistanis. Sikkim has Christians and Buddhists and J&K has Muslims, all national minorities, as the majority population and both have had controversial histories of accession to India. Both remain poor. But Jammu & Kashmir has been plagued by insurgency and violence while Sikkim is one of the most peaceful states in the country. This, in spite of the fact that Kashmir gets more Central funding than Sikkim! Probe deeper and you realise this is a function of the relationship between the rulers and the common people. Sikkim’s economy is balanced towards development. The society there has worked out an informal contract and the emphasis is on a balanced relationship between the leadership and the people. In J&K, inequality has existed since the 1950s, with one family calling the shots. 2. Eliminate inequality  Two-thirds of Indians work as farmers, yet they account for only a fifth of GDP — and they live in dismal conditions, with little chance of upward mobility, for the most part. Why so? One of the reasons why this discrepancy exists is because farmers experience trade barriers, like the Agricultural Produce Market Committee (APMC), which puts serious restrictions on whom they can sell to. And solutions that exist in the form of co-operatives often operate as monopolies in the hands of political families who do everything they can to prevent the competing co-operatives. What to do about it? If growth is the mandate, the agricultural economy has to be liberalised and producers set free. Because when farmers and rural industries have access to a steady income, they will invest in improving productivity. That, in turn, will push everybody into building a country where the ruling class and citizens are equals. To start the process, though, one question needs to be answered. Do you expend energies into getting into the Top 10 in terms of GDP? Or do you focus on getting the Human Development Index (HDI), where India has consistently ranked below 120, to higher levels? What a low HDI means is that for all the GDP growth and the consequent prosperity, development is superficial at best. 3. Unleash innovation  The reason India doesn’t have its own Apple or Samsung isn’t because the country’s leading minds are focused on stripping products down to their essentials to hit the market at the bottom of the pyramid, Waslekar argues. It’s because industry isn’t paying enough attention to research that doesn’t have immediate impact on their company’s bottom line. â€Å"In India, I can only think of the Tatas who founded the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) and Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS),† Waslekar writes. But meanwhile: In the next two to three decades, the fourth industrial revolution will be underway. The first industrial revolution took place in late 18th Century, the second in the late 19th Century, and computerisation is the third. The fourth includes genomics, nanotechnology and robotics (GNR). These apart, expect breakthroughs in space technology, renewable energy and water technologies. All of these will transform the world. India has to decide whether it wants to be a great power by servicing multinationals and providing software engineers who work at the low end of the cost curve, or be a lead player in the new revolution. 4. Deploy technology to democratize education  India’s government-run schools are terrible, and education faces a drastic shortage of teachers across the board. But the government isn’t doing enough to utilize community radio stations and its satellite network to enable distance education for anybody who’s interested, Waslekar argues. If this technology were deployed into education, a few crore of rupees and the 700,000 villages with no access to schools suddenly become accessible. India has a satellite in orbit as well, which is meant to be used exclusively for education. Any institution can use it to impart remote education to children in Naxalite-affected areas in central and northern India; or to the schools located in difficult-to-access regions such as the North East. (Okay, this one has a few holes). 5. Improve relations with key neighbors Never mind the contradictions, in this one. Turkey made itself a key feature in its neighborhood by inking a free trade pact with Syria, which meant that when Syria chalked out a peace plan with Israel, Damascus insisted that Turkey would be the interlocutor. On the other hand, terrorists never think of attacking Norway or Sweden because â€Å"their objective was not to build a security infrastructure because there is only so long and so often it can counter attacks; but to build nations nobody thinks of attacking.† Huh? So India should shoehorn its way into international disputes, like Turkey. But at the same time remain on the isolated fringe, like Sweden? All while sitting sandwiched between Pakistan and China, while the US makes a play to take back the Pacific? He lost me there. But the article still merits a close reading.